Equivalence and difference between institutions: simulating Horn Clause Logic with based algebras

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate several logical frameworks whose expressiveness lies between Conditional Equational Logic and Horn Clause Logic. The main result deals with thePART-construction, which interprets total based algebras as partial algebras. This construction can be viewed as a simulation of Horn Clause Theories by means of Conditional Equational Theories. Other constructions in other frameworks are extendable to simulations in a similar way. The notion of categorical retractive simulation captures some essential properties of these, which allows us to measure the equivalence and difference between institutions.

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