Improvement of macrolide antibiotic-producing streptomycete strains by the regeneration of protoplasts.

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Abstract
Three macrolide antibiotic-producing strains, the spiramycin producer Streptomyces ambofaciens, the tylosin producer S. fradiae and the cirramycin producer S. cirratus easily formed protoplasts when treated with lysozyme in hypertonic medium. Each type of protoplast was regenerated to a mycelial form at a frequency of 90-100% in regeneration medium supplemented with a plasma expander. In the spiramycin producer S. ambofaciens and the tylosin producer S. fradiae, antibiotic productivities of the regenerated progeny were drastically changes. Some regenerated-progeny from the 3 strains gave higher production. One from S. ambofaciens showed .apprx. 2 times the productivity of the original strain and 1 obtained after 2 rounds of protoplast regeneration from S. fradiae produced .apprx. 3 times as much as the original strain.