Noncritical liquid mixtures far from equilibrium: The Rayleigh line

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Abstract
In this paper we determine the contributions to the Rayleigh line for a noncritical binary liquid mixture in a temperature gradient using the technique of fluctuating hydrodynamics in a uniform-pressure approximation. The steady-state temperature gradient induces a steady-state concentration gradient in the liquid mixture. We predict a large enhancement to the Rayleigh line from concentration fluctuations that depends upon the square of the concentration gradient. The occurrence of two gradients within the liquid also gives rise to additional cross-coupling gradient contributions.