Adaptive changes in rates of appearance and disappearance of glucose in dogs following step changes in the rate of glucose infusion

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Abstract
The intravenous infusion of glucose at rates corresponding to 17–79% of the endogenous (hepatic) rate of glucose production decreased the latter in both normal and diabetic dogs. The increase in the rate of the exogenous infusion and the decrease in the rate of endogenous production were found to be positively correlated. The correlation between the change in the rate of glucose disappearance (utilization plus excretion) and the change in the rate of the exogenous infusion was significant in normal but not in diabetic dogs. The infusion of galactose had no effect on endogenous glucose production. Infusions into the cephalic vein or into the carotid artery were equally effective in decreasing endogenous glucose production. It appears that the rate of endogenous (hepatic) glucose production adapts to an exogenous glucose infusion in both normal and diabetic dogs. Such an adaptation in the rate of glucose disappearance (disposal) was observed only in normal but not in pancreatectomized dogs. Thus the role of the release of insulin in such adaptation is to increase the disposal rather than to decrease the rate of the endogenous production of glucose. The specificity of the adaptive mechanism is demonstrated by the ineffectiveness of galactose in altering glucose turnover.

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