Learning experiments with larval frogs. A preliminary report.

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Abstract
The behavior of Hyla and bullfrog tadpoles in Y and T mazes was studied. Hyla tadpoles were trained to use the white alley of a single-T unit maze and avoid the blacked alley. Some learning took place but no animal completely learned the problem. When horizontal versus vertical black and white stripes were used in the maze alleys, there was no evidence of learning. Bullfrog tadpoles were trained on 3-unit and 4-unit mazes. Retracing was reduced as learning proceeded. Most of the improvement took place in the first unit. Not all tadpoles showed improvement.

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