Measurement of Instantaneous Absolute Barium Evaporation Rates from Dispenser Cathodes

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Abstract
A simple procedure for determining the ``instantaneous'' absolute evaporation rate of barium from dispenser cathodes is presented. The method entails exposing a clean tungsten wire to a stream of barium and noting the time required to reach maximum emission. The sensitivity of the wire as a detector of total barium is established on an absolute basis by chemical calibration. It has been found that the wire sensitivity is a function of the barium oxide content of the evaporant stream. This fact may be employed to determine the oxide composition of the evaporant from wire emission‐time measurements and a single chemical analysis. It is also possible to obtain approximate, instantaneous values of total barium and the fraction BaO at any time during tube life from wire emission‐time measurements only. Calibration data are presented for almost the full range of Ba–BaO compositions.

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