THE EFFECT OF CALCIUM AND MAGNESIUM-IONS ON CALCIUM PYROPHOSPHATE CRYSTAL-FORMATION IN AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS

  • 1 January 1981
    • journal article
    • research article
    • Vol. 8  (5) , 772-782
Abstract
Calcium pyrophosphate crystal formation has been associated clinically with hypercalcemic states (hyperparathyroidism) and hypomagnesemia. Aqueous solutions at pH 7.4, 37.degree. C, [Na+] = 140 mM over a range of calcium chloride/magnesium chloride/sodium pyrophosphate concentrations were studied to determine the effect of calcium and magnesium ions on crystal formation. Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate, triclinic [CPPD(T)] and calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate, monoclinic [CPPD(M)] were formed under different ionic conditions. Low [Mg2+] and [PPi] favored CPPD(T); higher [Mg2+] and [PPi] favored CPPD(M). At [Mg2+] = 1.0 mM a calcium magnesium pyrophospate crystal phase designated CMPP2 formed. As [Mg2+] affects the crystal phase formed more than equimolar [Ca2+], it is concluded that ionic Mg deficiency may be a clinically important determinant in calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal arthropy.

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