Intensity of Myocardial Expression of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Influences the Clinical Course of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Associated Cardiomyopathy

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Abstract
Background—Increased levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) have been reported in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. We investigated the myocardial expression of TNF-α and iNOS in patients with HIV-associated cardiomyopathy (HIV-DCM) compared with patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDCM).