Nonimmune Activation of C: Two New Phenomena

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Abstract
We report two new phenomena which involve nonimmune activation of C. The first now has been seen in seven individuals with various diseases from whom freshly collected blood had normal C activity but which upon coagulation showed depletion of C1, C4 and C2 (but not C3–C9) hemolytic activities. This consumption was prevented by heparin and EDTA, retarded by citrate and hirudin, but unaffected by EACA; the underlying mechanism is not yet clear. In the second phenomenon, interactions between certain polyanions (heparin (H), chondroitin sulfate, dextran sulfate, hyaluronic acid) and polycations (protamine (P), polybrene, neomycin) in human serum (1:5) resulted in pronounced C consumption as well as precipitation, and these effects were compared during heparin-protamine interactions. Optimum precipitation was observed when approximately 70 µg H (10 anticoagulant units) were reacted with 100 µg P; reduced H precipitation was observed when larger amounts of H were added.

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