Abstract
The initial-value problem for a one-dimensional gravity wave of amplitude a and characteristic length l in water of depth d is examined for 0 < a/d [Lt ] d2/l2 [Lt ] 1. A preliminary reduction leads to a Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation in which the nonlinear term is O(ε) relative to the linear terms, where ε = 3al2/4d3 [Lt ] 1 is a measure of nonlinearity/dispersion. The linear approximation (ε ↓ 0) is found to be valid if and only if .

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