Blunted erythropoietin production and defective iron supply for erythropoiesis as major causes of anaemia in patients with chronic heart failure

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Abstract
Aims Anaemia is often observed in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), and it may be associated with a worse prognosis. Aim of this study was to identify the individual mechanisms of anaemia in CHF patients. Methods and results One hundred and forty-eight consecutive patients with haemoglobin concentration Conclusion According to our study, about half of anaemic CHF patients showed anaemia of chronic disease with blunted endogenous Epo production and/or a defective iron supply for erythropoiesis. Determination of the individual mechanisms of anaemia in CHF could justify a rational therapeutic approach to anaemia.