Cardiovascular Stimulation Induced by Rapid Increases in Desflurane Concentration in Humans Results from Activation of Tracheopulmonary and Systemic Receptors

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Abstract
Background: It was hypothesized that stimulation of rapidly adapting airway receptors produces the transient (2–4 min) circulatory responses to rapid increases in desflurane concentrations greater than 6%. Accordingly, it was reasoned that increasing the concentration of desflurane in one lung, without altering the concentration of desflurane in systemic blood, should cause cardiovascular stimulation, whereas once the airway receptors had adapted to the stimulation, an initial increase in the systemic concentration of desflurane should have little effect.