Biomedical Research — An Integral Component of National Security

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Abstract
The attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon on September 11, 2001, and the deliberate release of anthrax spores that occurred soon thereafter starkly revealed our vulnerability to the threat and reality of multiple categories of terrorism, including biologic, chemical, nuclear, and radiologic assaults. As a result of the events of late 2001, the focus on national security in the United States has intensified greatly, and extensive efforts to prepare for and prevent future attacks have been undertaken, particularly by the newly established Department of Homeland Security. In the arena of biologic terrorism against the civilian population, the Department of Health and Human Services has taken a lead role; efforts have focused on surveillance and activities to promote public health preparedness, led by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and biomedical research, led by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), particularly the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID).

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