Upregulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme during the healing process after injury at the site of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty in humans.

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Abstract
Background Balloon injury models in rat have shown enhanced expression of ACE in the developing neointima. However, neointimal lesions in human coronary arteries are complex due to atherosclerosis and different types of wall laceration. This study was designed to investigate whether ACE is present in the neointima of humans, including patients with restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). Methods and Results Thirty-seven sites with angioplasty injury, obtained at autopsy, were studied using immunocytochemical techniques. Sites with injury limited to a fibrous plaque and those with injury extending into the media (Conclusions These results show that PTCA injury in humans results in upregulation of ACE at sites of active repair and, therefore, ACE could play an important role as one of the mediators of the healing process after PTCA.

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