Variation in the Glans Penes and Bacula among Latin American Populations of the Peromyscus boylii Species Complex

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Abstract
Geographic and nongeographic variation was examined in the glans penesand bacula of 34 samples representing five nominate taxa of Peromyscus boylii-like forms (P. boylii rowleyi, P. b. sacarensis, P. beatae, P. levipes levipes, and P. l. ambiguus). Sixteen qualitative and quantitative characters were analyzed by use of cluster and principal-component analyses. Five types of phalli are found among the five taxa examined. One of these types is unique in that epidermal spines are absent from the surface of the glans penis. The other four are described in terms of their differences in size, spine development, furrowing, and length of cartilaginous tip. The pattern of phallic variation among samples of P. boylii is not entirely concordant with the pattern depicted by craniometric, biochemical, and chromosomal data. Populations bearing the first, second, and perhaps third phallic types described herein apparently represent undescribed taxa in the Peromyscus boylii species complex.