New Shrimps (Families Procarididae and Atyidae) from a Submerged Lava Tube on Hawaii

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Abstract
A new genus and species of procaridid shrimp, Vetericaris chaceorum, and a new atyid species, Halocaridina palahemo, are described from the island of Hawaii. The new genus, regarded as more primitive than Procaris, is characterized by the possession of a larger number of gills than Procaris, including arthrobranchs and pleurobranchs on the third maxilliped and pereiopods 1-4, elongate pleopodal endopods, appendices internae on pleopods 3-5, and elongate dactyls on pereiopods 1-5. Reexamination of the two genera of procaridids would seem to indicate a greater affinity with the caridean shrimps than with the dendrobranchiate shrimps. The new Halocaridina differs from its only congener in several features, including a shorter rostrum, more inflated carapace, and less inflated chelae. Reference to Pleistocene geological history, and present-day hydrological conditions strengthen the argument for relatively deep anchialine refugia from which dispersal took place, to explain the distribution of anchialine shrimps.

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