Cordon and spine ultrastructure of the waterfowl parasite Echinuria uncinata (Rudolphi 1819) Soloviev 1912 (Spirurida: Nematoda)

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Abstract
Cordons and spines of Echinuria uncinata are cuticular elaborations that have similar ultrastructure and consist of three distinct layers of material. Cordons arise from two pseudolabia and extend posteriorly. The probable functions of the cordons are rasping, collecting food particles, and passing them to the mouth. Spines are probably used for attachment in the movement of the nematode through host tissue.

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