Influence of the Maturity of the Vaginal Epithelium upon the Absorption of Vaginally Administered Estradiol-17β and Progesterone in Postmenopausal Women

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Abstract
Serum concentrations of estradiol-17Β and its metabolites estrone (unconjugated) and total estrone (mainly estrone sulfate) and of progesterone were measured before and after application of one vaginal suppository containing 250 µg estradiol-17Β and l0mg progesterone to 10 previously unsubstituted healthy postmenopausal women with normal pretreatment serum steroid levels. Vaginal hormone cytology was performed prior to administration of the estrogen-progesterone combination. An atrophic vaginal mucosa was found in 5 and a moderate proliferation in the other 5 women. A significant association was found between proliferation and pretreatment values of estrone, but not with other steroids. There was a clear, significant association between steroid absorption kinetics and the condition of the vaginal mucosa as indicated by cytological data: significantly higher absorption was found in women with an atrophic vaginal mucosa.