Abstract
C. beticola was capable of penetrating sugar beet leaves closed stomata at night. An appressorium generally was formed over the stoma when the entry was made at night by way of a closed stoma, while no appressorium was needed with open stomata during daylight hours. Penetration and disease development were higher under nighttime wetting and daytime drying compared to daytime wetting and nighttime drying and a continuous wetting regime of the same duration.

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