A New Sulfonamide Resistance Gene ( sul3 ) in Escherichia coli Is Widespread in the Pig Population of Switzerland

Abstract
A new gene, sul3 , which specifies a 263-amino-acid protein similar to a dihydropteroate synthase encoded by the 54-kb conjugative plasmid pVP440 from Escherichia coli was characterized. Expression of the cloned sul3 gene conferred resistance to sulfamethoxazole on E. coli . Two copies of the insertion element IS 15 Δ /26 flanked the region containing sul3 . The sul3 gene was detected in one-third of the sulfonamide-resistant pathogenic E. coli isolates from pigs in Switzerland.