The genetic control of triosephosphate isomerase of hexaploid wheat and other Triticeae species

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Abstract
Summary: The zymogram phenotypes of triosephosphate isomerase (TPI) were determined for a large number of aneuploid derivatives of Triticum aestivum cv. ‘Chinese Spring’ and for six wheat-alien species chromosome addition series. Examination of the available compensating nullisomic-tetrasomic and homoeologous groups 3 and 5 ditelosomic lines of Chinese Spring disclosed that T. aestivum possesses two systems of dimeric TPI isozymes, designated TPI-1 and TPI-2. The genes TPI-A1, TPI-B1 and TPI-D1 were located in Chinese Spring chromosome arms 3Ap, 3Bp and 3Dp, respectively and the genes TPI-A2, TPI-B2 and TPI-D2 in chromosome arms 5Aq, 5Bq and 5Dq, respectively. TPI-1 genes were also located in Hordeum vulgare cv. Betzes chromosome 3H, T. longissimum chromosome G, Elytrigia elongata chromosome 3E, and Secale cereale cvs. Imperial and Dakold chromosome 3R. TPI-2 genes were found in Betzes chromosome 5H, T. umbellulatum chromosome 5U, T. longissimum chromosome F, and Imperial and Dakold chromosome 5R. These gene locations provide evidence of homoeology between the alien chromosomes in which the genes are located and the chromosomes of homoeologous groups 3 and 5 of Chinese Spring, respectively. Evidence was obtained for the presence of a TPI-R2 gene in each of the T. aestivum cv. Kharkov -S. cereale cv. Dakold chromosome addition lines studied suggesting that this gene is present in the wheat genome in each member of this addition series.