Polarisation-insensitive modulators based on multistrainstepped quantum well structures

Abstract
Quantum-confined Stark-effect modulators, in which each quantum well contains two or more layers with different tensile strains, can maintain excellent polarisation independence over a wide range of electric fields. Matching of the energies of the E1-HH1 and E1-LH1 transitions with applied field can be an order of magnitude closer than for simple, single composition, tensile wells.

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