Karyotypes of Three Species of Lepidoptera Including an Investigation of B-chromosomes in Pieris

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Abstract
Chromosome banding techniques were used to compare the karyotypes of P. rapae and P. napi. The basic complements (both N = 25) were similar but clear differences were present; these are discussed in detail. (A brief comparison is made with P. brassicae, N = 15). Cytological techniques confirmed the presence of a constriction (primary centromere) in the Pieris spp. and also in a member of the Satyridae (Pyronia tithonas, n = 29). Supernumerary B-chromosomes were discovered in both P. rapae and P. napi. Hitherto these have been reported only in the Japanese races of these species and in a small number of Finnish P. rapae individuals and it has usually been assumed that they are absent from populations in the rest of the world. The characteristics of the B-chromosomes differ both numerically and structurally between the 2 spp. and the variations are discussed. No phenotypic differences exist between individuals with and without B-chromosomes.

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