Percutaneous occlusion of ureteral leaks and fistulae using nondetachable balloons

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Abstract
High-output ureteral fistulae were managed percutaneously in 3 patients with pelvic malignancies. Urine flow was diverted by combining percutaneous nephrostomy catheter drainage with transrenal balloon occlusion of the affected ureter proximal to the site of extravasation. This technique can be used either alone as the definitive method of treatment or as the initial procedure to preserve renal function and reverse the inflammatory reaction prior to subsequent surgical repair; its primary application is in patients in whom antegrade or retrograde ureteral stenting is not feasible or possible.