Abstract
Noise temperature or noise factor are important parameters for many microwave devices. Their dependence on source characteristics is classically established using low-frequency concepts such as impedance, admittance, voltage, and current sources. This paper presents a derivation of the noise properties of linear two-ports in terms of noise waves, which leads to a convenient measurement method in distributed systems. Copyright © 1978 by The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

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