Error covariance functions of sea gravity data and implications for geoid determination

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Abstract
Gravity data are often used for the determination of gravity field parameters, e.g., geoid heights. Applied collocation and integration algorithms can be improved with a better knowledge of data errors for the estimation of optimal results and their accuracy. Besides the effects caused by error variances, a decisive influence is geared to the occurring error correlations. Therefore, the use of distance‐depending error covariance functions, determined from a comparison of independent data or from an investigation of error propagation, is commendable. Founded on an extensive data base containing fine‐structured sea gravity data of the North Sea region and worldwide 1 ° × 1 ° sea gravity data, a number of practical computations has been carried out. The stochastic behavior of errors for mean gravity anomalies is described by error covariance functions. Considering these error covariance functions, a more realistic accuracy estimation for resulting gravimetric geoid undulations has been evaluated.

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