The macrozooplankton community of Kosterfjorden, western Sweden. Abundance, biomass, and preliminary data on the life cycles of dominant species

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Abstract
The macrozooplankton abundance and biomass in Kosterfjorden (58°52' N, 11°06' E) were heavily dominated by the copepod Calanus finmarchicus/helgolandicus, euphausiid species being only temporarily important during summer. Carnivorous species contributed significantly, mainly in winter and spring. A comparison of zooplankton biomasses from coastal areas in Sweden and Norway indicates a direct relationship between water-column depth and community biomass. The macrozooplankton fauna in Kosterfjorden resembles that of Korsfjorden, western Norway by a similarity in the ranking of the quantitatively most important species. The siphonophore Dimophyes arctica, the polychaete Tomopteris helgolandica, and the crustaceans Chiridius armatus, Thysanoessa raschii, and {iParathemisto abyssorum} are more important in the former area, the crustaceans Calanus hyperboreus and Boreomysis arctica, and the chaetognath Eukrohnia hamata in the latter area. Analyses of the seasonal succession in the size structure and state of maturity within the populations of some species have been used to elucidate their life cycles in Kosterfjorden. They usually correspond well with those reported for these species from other areas at similar latitudes. The copepod Calanus hyperboreus and the euphausiids Thysanoessa inermis and T. raschii occur as expatriate species in Kosterfjorden.

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