Influence of Poultry House Dust, Ammonia, and Carbon Dioxide on the Resistance of Chickens to Newcastle Disease Virus

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Abstract
Chickens exposed artificially to poultry house dust showed no gross or microscopic damage to the respiratory tract after 6 hr. of continuous exposure or 2 hr. exposures for 8 consecutive days. Chickens exposed naturally to ammonia, carbon dioxide, and dust in the environment of a poultry house for 6 days had some loss of cilia from the epithelium of the upper portion of the trachea and the turbinates. Dust particles were visible In the macrophages of the lungs. When these chickens were exposed to a secondary stress in the form of a respiratory infection initiated by ?n aerosol of NDV, there was no statistically significant difference in mean death time or percent mortality from control birds receiving only the NDV aerosol.

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