Les cancers du sein
Open Access
- 15 June 2007
- journal article
- research article
- Published by EDP Sciences in médecine/sciences
- Vol. 23 (6-7) , 626-632
- https://doi.org/10.1051/medsci/20072367626
Abstract
Notre connaissance du cancer du sein s’est récemment enrichie de données cellulaires et moléculaires. Au point de vue moléculaire cet enrichissement est le fruit de l’utilisation de techniques d’analyses transcriptionnelles et génomiques à haut débit, puces à ADN et CGH array. Elles font désormais apparaître clairement l’hétérogénéité de la maladie et ont défini des sous-types de cancers du sein ainsi qu’un répertoire d’altérations génétiques de plus en plus précis. Au point de vue cellulaire, la définition des différents lignages épithéliaux et la théorie émergente des cellules souches cancéreuses mammaires permet de bâtir un modèle intégré de l’oncogenèse mammaire. Ces connaissances permettront à la fois de mieux comprendre et surtout de mieux traiter cette maladie en prenant en compte sa diversité moléculaire et en ciblant les cellules qui sont à l’origine du cancer, les cellules souches cancéreuses. Breast cancer is a major health problem as well as scientifically poorly understood. Our knowledge of breast cancer is however rapidly progressing in several directions. First, genomic studies are establishing a new molecular classification of breast cancers. Molecular subtypes have been identified and are being associated with the histoclinical forms of breast cancers. Second, genetic alterations are discovered and classified, generating new potential therapeutical targets. Third, mammary stem cells have been identified in the normal mammary epithelium. Their altered counterparts have been identified in tumors and are being characterized. These combined studies allow a new integrated cellular and molecular definition of breast cancers and a conceptual basis that will help the management of the disease.Keywords
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