Ischaemic heart disease and Cag A strains of Helicobacter pylori in the Caerphilly heart disease study

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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To look for the presence of the more virulent strains of Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) in men who developed ischaemic heart disease over a 10 year period and in controls. DESIGN The Caerphilly prospective heart disease study recruited 2512 men aged 45–59 years during 1979–83. Western blot analysis or enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed on serum taken from those who subsequently died of ischaemic heart disease, or developed non-fatal myocardial infarction, to determine H pylori and Cag A status. Similar information was available on age matched controls. RESULTS During the first decade of the study, 312 men died of ischaemic heart disease or developed non-fatal myocardial infarction. Serum was available from 172 of these (55%). There was no evidence of an association between Cag A seropositivity and incident ischaemic heart disease or ischaemic heart disease mortality, either before or after adjustment for potential confounders (adjusted odds ratios 1.18 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.76 to 1.85) and 1.13 (95% CI 0.61 to 2.07), respectively). Further, the odds ratios for ischaemic heart disease incidence and ischaemic heart disease mortality by H pyloriseropositivity did not appear to depend on the presence or absence of Cag A strains (p = 0.76 and 0.77, respectively). CONCLUSIONS In this cohort of middle aged men, followed over a 10 year period, there is little evidence of an association between Cag A seropositivity and either incident ischaemic heart disease or ischaemic heart disease mortality.