Establishment in Canada of the Parasite Apanteles pedias Nixon on the Spotted Tentiform Leafminer, Phyllonorycter blancardella (Fabr.) 1

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Abstract
In May 1978, two females of Apanteles pedias Nixon introduced from New Zealand were released in an apple orchard at the University of Guelph. Guelph, Ontario, for the control of the spotted tentiform leafminer, Phyllonorycter blancardella (Fabr.). In the fall of 1978, A. pedias was recovered from 2.4% of the overwintering or third-generation leafmines of P. blancardella . In the fall of 1979, the rate of parasitism by A. pedias had increased to 25.7% in the original release orchard. A. pedias is firmly established in the Guelph area, and recoveries have been made from as far away as Ancaster, Ontario, 43 km south of the original release site.

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