Diabetes Prevention Trial 1

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Abstract
Abstract: The Diabetes Prevention Trial Type 1 (DPT‐1) has recruited relatives of patients with type 1 diabetes throughout the United States and Canada. Of the group screened before June 30, 2000, 71,148 initial screening samples of DPT‐1 subjects were tested for GAD65 autoantibodies (GAA) and ICA512 (IA‐2) autoantibodies (ICA512AA). Of 71,148 relatives screened, first‐degree relatives (4.63%, n= 59,752) had a significantly higher prevalence of autoantibodies than did second‐degree relatives (2.61%, n= 9,856) (P < 0.0001 for both autoantibodies). Among first‐degree relatives, siblings (5.47%, n= 27,128) had a significantly higher prevalence of autoantibodies than did offspring (3.98%, n= 17,063) and parents (3.88%, n= 15,561) (P < 0.0001 for both autoantibodies). Among offspring, the offspring (n= 105) of both parents with diabetes had twice (8.57%) the prevalence of autoantibodies than did the offspring (n= 16,901) of a single diabetic parent (3.96%). Interestingly, the offspring (n= 8,777) of diabetic fathers had a significantly higher prevalence of autoantibodies than did the offspring (n= 8,124) of diabetic mothers, but only among those aged 10‐30 years (P < 0.0001). We conclude that the prevalence of anti‐islet cell autoantibodies is affected by multiple levels of relationship to the proband.