Fungicide control ofUstilago bullataseedling and shoot infection ofBromus catharticus

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Abstract
Fungicide control of Ustilago bullata Berk. seedling and shoot infection of Bromus catharticus Vahl was investigated in glasshouse trials. Seedling infection was controlled adequately with 2,3-dihydro-6-methyl-5-phenylcarbamoyl-l,4-oxathiin (carboxin) and tetramethylthiuram disulphide (thiram) at rates of 3 and 12 g active ingredient (a.i.)/kg seed respectively, without reducing seedling emergence from soil using freshly treated seed, or germination of treated seed after 6 months' storage. Methyl-l-(butyl-carbamoyl)-benzimidazol-2-yl-carbamate (benomyl) at 3 g a.i./kg seed gave good control of seedling infection, but slightly reduced seedling emergence. Shoot infection was controlled with soil drenches of benomyl and carboxin but at rates (40 kg a.i./ha) that were likely to be uneconomic in practice. Five other fungicides, including N-trichloromethyl-thio)-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydrophthalimide (captan), 2-(4-thiazolyl) benzimidazole (thiabendazole), the 4,4 dioxide of carboxin (oxycarboxin), and two experimental fungicides (2-chloro-6-methoxy-4-(trichloromethyl) pyridine and 3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-l-isopropylcarbamoyl hydantoin), were shown to be ineffective for control of U. bullata infection.