Phosphate Ester Cleavage in Ribose-5-phosphate Induced by OH Radicals in Deoxygenated Aqueous Solution

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Abstract
The reaction of OH radicals and H atoms with ribose-5-phosphate (10−2 M) in deoxygenated aqueous solution at room temperature (dose-rate 2·1 × 1017 eV/ml · min, dose 5 × 1018−15 × 1018 eV/ml) leads to the following dephosphorylation products (G-values): ribo-pentodialdose 1 (0·2), 2-hydroxy-4-oxoglutaraldehyde 2 (0·06), 5-deoxy-erythro-pentos-4-ulose 3 (0·1) and 3-oxoglutaraldehyde 4 (0·06). In addition, some minor phosphate free products (total G = 0·09) are formed. G(inorganic phosphate) = 1·3 and G(H2O2) = 0·3. On the addition of 10−3 M (Fe(III) ions, G(1) and G(3) increase to 0·6 and 0·4, respectively. In the presence of 10−3 M Fe(II), G(1) and G(3) change to 0·4 and 0·8, respectively. The other dephosphorylation products are suppressed by the iron ions. G(1) also increases on the addition of increasing amounts of H2O2. Each product can be assigned a precursor radical formed by hydrogen abstraction from C-5, C-4 or C-3 of the ribose-5-phosphate molecule. Products 1 and 2 are formed by oxydative dephosphorylation of an α-phospho radical with preceding H2O elimination for product 2. Elimination of H3PO4 from a β-phospho radical leads to product 3; product 4 is formed by elimination of two molecules of H2O from its precursor radical and hydrolytic cleavage of an enol phosphate bond. Deuterium-labelling experiments and the effects of the iron ions and of H2O2 support the mechanisms proposed. The importance of the dephosphorylation mechanisms for the formation of strand breaks in DNA is discussed with special reference to the effects of the radiosensitizers.