Inhibitory Effect of the Intravenous Anesthetic, Ketamine, on Rat Mesangial Cell Proliferation

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Abstract
We studied the effects of ketamine and propofol on rat cultured mesangial cell (MC) proliferation.The 72-h exposure to ketamine (1-100 micro M) inhibited [(3) H]thymidine incorporation into the MC in a concentration-dependent manner. Propofol, however, was not effective at inhibition of MC proliferation at doses from 1 to 100 micro M. Ketamine also decreased the cell number at clinically relevant concentrations and increased adenosine 3 prime,5 prime-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) levels in MC. We also studied the effects of ketamine on cytokine-induced [(3) H]thymidine incorporation into the cells. Ketamine decreased the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)-, interleukin 1 (IL-1)-, and interleukin 6 (IL-6)-induced [(3) H]thymidine incorporation into the cells. It also decreased angiotensin II (Ag II)-induced [(3) H]thymidine incorporation. These results suggest that ketamine has inhibitory effects on MC proliferation, but that propofol does not. Because ketamine inhibits TNF-alpha-, IL-1-, and IL-6-induced MC proliferation, it may be useful in suppressing the cell growth clinically. (Anesth Analg 1997;84:190-5)