Theory and simulation of particle image velocimetry

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Abstract
As particle image velocimetry has been developed as a useful experimental method for measuring instantaneous velocity vector fields in turbulent fluid flows, a systematic and comprehensive study of the procedure to assess its accuracy, spatial resolution, reliability and success rate for known velocity fields, experimental parameters and interrogation procedures has been undertaken. A systematic study of the parameters which affect the measurement of velocity vector fields in fluid mechanics experiments using the particle image velocimetry procedure has been carried out for a range of alternative methods of PIV recording and analysis. This study has developed an analytic model and a Monte Carlo simulation to analyze experimental and interrogation procedures for a range of high image-density PIV systems. The study has provided a number of criteria which are used to determine which experimental and interrogation parameters are most important for a range of fluid motions and a range of alternative methods of PIV recording and interrogation. In addition, it has been shown that velocity gradients within the flow field result in biased experimental measurements. The extent of the bias has been quantified and some recommendations to minimize bias have been made.

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