Chemical Properties and Anti-Complementary Activities of Heteroglycans from the Leaves ofPanax ginseng

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Abstract
Four anti-complementary neutral (GL-NIa and GL-NIb) and acidic (GL-AIa and GL-AIb) polysaccharides were purified from the leaves of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer. Only GL-NIa and GL-AIa exhibited potent anti-complementary activities at low concentrations probably through the alternative complement pathway. Glycosyl linkage analysis demonstrated that GL-NIa mainly consisted of arabinogalactan moieties, whereas GL-NIb contained large amounts of (1→4)-linked glucosyl residues. β-Elimination indicated that GL-AIa and GL-AIb were pectic polysaccharides consisting of a rhamnogalacturonan core with neutral side chains. GL-AIa reacted strongly with β-glucosyl-Yariv antigen, GL-NIa reacted weakly, whereas GL-NIb and GL-AIb showed no reaction with the antigen.

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