Strabismus in Children of Birth Weight Less Than 1701 g

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Abstract
THE INCIDENCE of strabismus is increased in children of low birth weight compared with those who were born at full term.1-11 Despite this research, several issues have not been addressed. First, no study has provided a complete breakdown of the strabismus types, which is pertinent when considering pathogenesis. Because the different types of strabismus vary in etiology, an analysis that includes all cases of strabismus may not identify new risk factors for certain types of strabismus in the low-birth-weight population. Second, although it is known that neonatal factors such as retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), low birth weight, and neurologic abnormalities are associated with strabismus, these factors are all closely interrelated. Therefore, multivariate analysis is required to determine which factors are independently associated with strabismus. This statistical method has only been used in 2 studies,1,3 but in one3 the diagnosis of ROP was made retrospectively. In both of these studies, the age at testing for strabismus was 4 years or younger, before the age by which all strabismus might have developed.

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