Included in this study are all of the cases in which a total or partial prostatectomy had been performed previous to April 1, 1911, in St. Mary's Hospital. Four hundred and sixty-one operations were performed for benign hypertrophy of the prostate, seventy-four for cancer, and seven for tuberculosis. The relative occurrence of cancer and hypertrophy was about one in six. Cancer and hypertrophy were observed together in several instances. Although we were unable to determine any specific etiologic factors in this type of hypertrophy, the cases under our observation differed in this respect from those reported by von Frisch1 and others. We noted that the condition occurred twice as frequently in men living in the country as in those living in the city. Only a small percentage of them had ever had specific infection. The greater number of these patients were operated on between the ages of (10 and