Renal Vascular and Systemic Arterial Pressure Responses to Nervous and Chemical Stimulation of the Kidney

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Abstract
Nervous afferent reflexes from renal baro-or chemoreceptors affecting systemic arterial pressure were not demonstrated. The presence of renal autonomic ganglia was confirmed pharmacologically, and it is suggested that they may be responsible, in part, for autonomous control of blood flow in the kidneys after their sympathetic decentralization. Nicotine and DMPP administered into the arterial supply of a perfused kidney stimulated ganglia in both kidney and adrenal gland, respectively eliciting renal vasoconstriction and discharge of pressor amines. Adrenal ganglia were stimulated by passage of small amounts of the drug through that part of the normal blood supply of the adrenal gland arising from the renal artery. Post-ganglion nerve endings mediating these responses were adrenergic in both kidney and adrenal. Response of the renal vascular bed to a large group of vasoconstrictor and vasodilator drugs did not differ qualitatively, for the most part, from vascular responsiveness of the intact body. Chemical blocking, inhibiting and augmenting agents and sympathetic decentralization had essentially the same effect on vascular response in the kidney as in the body. Responses to carotid occlusion and carotid stretch reflexes were prominent in the perfused kidney and paralleled those in the body; bilateral section of the carotid sinus and aortic depressor nerves caused severe vasoconstriction in the kidney and hypertension in the body, even after administration of TEA. Histamine, compared with DMPP, had slight stimulant action on the adrenal medulla when injected directly into the lumboadrenal artery; it is suggested that the Roth-Kvale test for pheochromocytoma may depend, in addition to this direct effect, upon increased neurogenic outflow to the adrenal medullary tumor mediated by baroreceptors in the carotid sinuses and aortic arch.-I. H. Page.

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