Detection and Localization of Grapevine Leafroll Associated Closteroviruses in Greenhouse and Tissue Culture Grown Plants

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Abstract
The best plant tissue and season for the detection of grapevine leafroll associated viruses (GLRaV) I, II, and III in greenhouse and tissue culture grown infected grapevines were investigated using ELISA. Samples near the bottom portion of actively growing stems and petioles had the highest concentration of virus. Old and symptomatic leaves had higher titers of virus than young leaves. Grapevine leafroll associated viruses I, II, and III antigens were distributed unevenly in infected tissue, although the highest titers of virus were generally found near the lower portion of the plant. The virus associated antigens were detected throughout the year (except early in the growing season) in basal stem and petiole samples, demonstrating that multiple samples should be taken from these tissues to unambiguously detect GLRaV. When explants from individual nodes were propagated in vitro, high virus titers were detected in every sample even when the concentration of virus in the original stem or leaf sample was low.

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