HAT-P-13b,c: a transiting hot Jupiter with a massive outer companion on an eccentric orbit

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  • 21 July 2009
Abstract
We report on the discovery of a planetary system with a close-in transiting hot Jupiter on a near circular orbit and a massive outer planet on a highly eccentric orbit. The inner planet, HAT-P-13b, transits the bright V=10.622 G4 dwarf star GSC 3416-00543 every P = 2.916260 \pm 0.000010 days, with transit epoch Tc = 2454779.92979 \pm 0.00038 (BJD) and duration 0.1345 \pm 0.0017 d. The outer planet, HAT-P-13c orbits the star with P2 = 428.5 \pm 3.0 days and nominal transit center (assuming zero impact parameter) of T2c = 2454870.4 \pm 1.8 (BJD) or time of periastron passage T2,peri= 2454890.05 \pm 0.48 (BJD). Transits of the outer planet have not been observed, and may not be present. The host star has a mass of 1.22+0.05-0.10Msun, radius of 1.56 \pm 0.08 Rsun, effective temperature 5638 \pm 90K, and is rather metal rich with [Fe/H] = +0.43\pm0.08. The inner planetary companion has a mass of 0.851+/0.029-/0.046 Mjup, and radius of 1.280\pm0.079 Rjup yielding a mean density of 0.499+/0.103-/0.069 gcm-3 . The outer companion has m_2sini_2 = 15.2\pm 1.0 Mjup, and orbits on a highly eccentric orbit of e2 = 0.691 \pm 0.018. While we have not detected significant transit timing variations of HAT-P-13b, due to gravitational and light-travel time effects, future observations will constrain the orbital inclination of HAT-P-13c, along with its mutual inclination to HAT-P-13b. The HAT-P-13 (b,c) double-planet system may prove extremely valuable for theoretical studies of the formation and dynamics of planetary systems.

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