Super Water-repellent Surfaces Resulting from Fractal Structure. II.

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Abstract
A super water-repellent surface with maximum contact angle of 174° was previously obtained by solidifing a wax, alkyl ketene dimer, from a melt. This surface was fractal with dimension of D≈2.3. The surface area magnification factor became quite large due to the fractal structure and then the contact angle of a water droplet also very large. This paper is an extension of the study for clarifying why the alkyl ketene dimer forms a fractal surface. Crystallization of the alkyl ketene dimer from the melt was observed by polarizing optical microscope and DSC measurement. Attempt was also made to develop a super water-repellent paint containing the alkyl ketene dimer. Flake-like crystals of the alkyl ketene dimer were observed on the painted surface following drying of the paint-layer, and super water-repellency of the surface was noted. Through the use of triacylglycerols and dialkyl ketones, the super-water repellent surfaces have been also obtained. It has been experimentally shown that any wax with a contact angle exceeding 90° become super water repellent by making the surface sufficiently rough.

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