The role of soluble cell adhesion molecules in patients with suspected deep vein thrombosis

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Abstract
Activation of the endothelium, platelets and leukocytes has been shown to play an important role in the aetiology of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in in-vitro experiments, resulting in the release of soluble cell adhesion molecules (sCAMs). We therefore assessed the value of soluble intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), soluble E-selectin and soluble P-selectin for the diagnostic process in 69 consecutive patients with suspected DVT. Final diagnosis was based on the results of Duplex sonography or ascending venography. Thirty-seven patients (53.6%) finally suffered from DVT. Mean levels of sVCAM-1 were 589 ± 530 ng/ml for controls and 587 ± 328 ng/ml for patients. Corresponding levels concerning sICAM-1 were 316 ± 161 and 342 ± 186 ng/ml, those concerning soluble E-selectin were 54 ± 38 and 42 ± 18 ng/ml, and those concerning soluble P-selectin were 94 ± 37 and 99 ± 36 ng/ml (all P> 0.05). There was no significant correlation of the thrombus extension (all P> 0.05) or the duration of symptoms with sCAMs (all P> 0.05). In conclusion, we detected no significant differences concerning the concentration of four major sCAMs between patients with DVT and controls, so their assessment does not add any useful information for the diagnostic process of DVT.