Combining methods in health promotion research: some considerations about appropriate use

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Abstract
This paper in the research methods series critically assesses the use of combined methods in health promotion research. A selection of pos sibilities for combining methods is described and examples given. The paper invites reflection on the assumption that a combination of quantita tive and qualitative methods will inevitably produce the most reliable and valid research results. A more critical approach in health promotion research is suggested based on consideration of issues of epistemology, methodology and practical application. The paper advocates that research reports address and analyse the contradictions as well as the compatibilities involved in the production of data using combined methods approaches.