On the Far-Infrared Emission of Quasars

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Abstract
Infrared spectral energy distributions between 4.8 and 200 μm are presented for a subsample of 10 quasars and radio galaxies from the European Central Quasar Programme observed with the Infrared Space Observatory. For three of the sources, this represents the first far-infrared detection. The spectral energy distributions (SEDs) reveal signatures of thermal dust as well as synchrotron emission. In most cases, one of the two components is so dominant that the other remains hidden. The SEDs of the radio-quiet and steep-spectrum quasars show a bump around 60 μm and a decline longward of 100 μm—strong evidence for thermal emission. It can be described as a superposition of several modified blackbodies, showing the broad variety of temperatures from hot (≈ 600 K) to cool (≈ 30 K) dust present in these objects. The infrared emission of the flat-spectrum radio quasars is in smooth continuation of the radio spectrum, supporting the interpretation as synchrotron emission. For one of these sources (3C 279), a bump is prying above the synchrotron spectrum, and we interpret it as thermal emission. For comparison within the framework of unified schemes, the radio galaxies Cyg A (3C 405) and 3C 20 are observed. While 3C 20 has not been detected, Cyg A reveals an infrared spectrum surprisingly similar to that of 3C 48 and the radio-quiet quasars, which strongly supports the interpretation of the radio galaxy Cyg A as a hidden quasar.

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