Extraction and Partial Purification of the Histamine-Sensitizing Factor of Bordetella Pertussis

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Abstract
The histamine-sensitizing factor (HSF) of Bordetella pertussis has been recovered in soluble form by treatment of bacterial cells with 4 M urea, 1 M NaCl buffered with 0.1 M sodium phosphate at pH 6.4. Besides histamine-sensitizing activity, this extract has leukocytosis-promoting activity and is a potent adjuvant for hemagglutinating and reaginic antibodies. Through extraction and gel filtration column chromatography, a 280-fold purification of HSF has been achieved resulting in a purified preparation with a 50% sensitizing dose (SD50) of about 60 ng. Chemical analysis of this purified extract demonstrated protein and lipid to be the major components. Since other pertussis biologic activity such as leukocytosis-promoting and adjuvant activities in addition to histamine-sensitizing activity were still present in this highly purified extract of HSF, it is possible that one molecular species might be responsible for all these activities.

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