PULMONARY CELL-MEDIATED CYTOTOXICITY IN HAMSTERS WITH PARA-INFLUENZA VIRUS TYPE-3 PNEUMONIA

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Abstract
A 51Cr-release cytotoxic assay in vitro was developed to define the role of local pulmonary cell-mediated immunity in the recovery phase of experimental parainfluenza virus type 3 pneumonia in the Syrian hamster. Cytotoxic effector cells were obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage; virus-infected targets were syngeneic secondary hamster kidney cells. Maximal target-cell killing was mediated by lung lavage cells obtained 1 wk after infection; the response waned rapidly thereafter. There was a close temporal correlation between the cytotoxic response and termination of virus replication in the lung. Cytotoxicity was virus-specific and was restricted by a requirement for species identity between effector and target cells. Immune spleen cells mediated 1/4 of the amount of 51Cr release effected by lung lavage cells. Cytotoxic effectors were apparently concentrated in the lung. Thymus-derived lymphocytes probably mediated lysis of target cells.

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