Surface Tension of Several Liquid-Crystal Compounds in the Smectic-A or Smectic-Ad Phase

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Abstract
After implementing a computer-enhanced imaging system in our newly established apparatus, we have achieved much higher resolution in measuring the surface tension of free-standing films in the smectic-A or smectic-Ad phase of seven different liquid-crystal compounds. The experimental results reveal two salient features: the relation of surface tension to thickness and the difference in surface tension between the smectic-A and smectic-Ad phases

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