The Division of Heat and Surface Temperatures at Sliding Steel Interfaces and Their Relation to Oxidational Wear

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Abstract
Experiments are described in which a pin-and-disk wear machine has been used to measure the division of heat (δexpt) at the interface between the pin and disk, together with the temperature of the surface of the pin (T8), for low-alloy, medium-carbon steel specimens sliding against each other, without lubrication, at a speed of 5.11 m s−1 and under various loads (5.8 to 29.4 N). The equilibrium mild wear rates (wexpt) and frictional forces (F) were also measured. An analytical expression is deduced for the division of heat (δtheory) in terms of a surface model consisting of N asperities of approximately the same individual area of contact upon which an oxide film of thicknessζis situated. The various combinations of N andζwhich provide good correlation betweenδtheory andδexpt, and the values of the temperature of the real areas of contact (T0) which are associated with N,ζand T8, have been fed into a computer program designed to produce the Oxidational Activation Energy from an expression for the wear rate as predicted by the Oxidational Wear Theory. It is shown that it is possible to deduce consistent values of N,ζ, and T0 which satisfy both the division of heat and the wear rate, provided the oxidational parameters given by Caplan and Cohen (for static oxidation of abraded iron) are assumed relevant to the mild wear of steel.

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